CBSE Class 8 Maths
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    ๐Ÿ“Œ Classification of Numbers in Mathematics

    Numbers are classified into different types based on their properties. Below is a structured breakdown:


    ๐Ÿ”ข 1. Natural Numbers (N) & Whole Numbers (W)

    โœ” Natural Numbers (N): Counting numbers starting from 1.
    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, โ€ฆ

    โœ” Whole Numbers (W): Natural numbers + 0.
    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, โ€ฆ

    comparison table


    ๐Ÿ”ข 2. Integers (Z)

    โœ” Integers (Z): Whole numbers and their negatives.
    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples: โ€ฆ -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, โ€ฆ

    ๐Ÿ’ก Fact: Every whole number is an integer, but not every integer is a whole number.


    ๐Ÿ”ข 3. Rational Numbers (Q)

    โœ” Rational Numbers (Q): Numbers that can be written as a fraction (p/q), where:

    • p and q are integers
    • q โ‰  0

    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples:

    • 1/2
    • 3/4
    • 0.3333… = 1/3 (Repeating Decimal)
    • 0.25 = 1/4 (Terminating Decimal)

    ๐Ÿ”ข 4. Irrational Numbers

    โœ” Irrational Numbers: Cannot be written as fractions and have non-terminating, non-repeating decimals.

    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples:

    • ฯ€ = 3.1415926535… (never repeats)
    • โˆš2 = 1.41421356…

    key difference


    ๐Ÿ”ข 5. Real Numbers (R)

    โœ” Real Numbers (R): All Rational and Irrational Numbers combined.
    โœ” Represented on a number line.
    โœ” Includes: Integers, fractions, terminating & repeating decimals, surds.

    ๐Ÿ’ก Fun Fact: Every number you’ve ever used in daily life is a Real Number!


    ๐Ÿ”ข 6. Prime & Composite Numbers

    โœ” Prime Numbers: Divisible only by 1 and itself.
    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19…

    โœ” Composite Numbers: Have more than two factors.
    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples: 4 (1,2,4), 6 (1,2,3,6), 8 (1,2,4,8)


    ๐Ÿ”ข 7. Even & Odd Numbers

    โœ” Even Numbers: Divisible by 2.
    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10โ€ฆ

    โœ” Odd Numbers: Not divisible by 2.
    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9โ€ฆ


    ๐Ÿ”ข 8. Complex Numbers (C)

    โœ” Complex Numbers: Extend real numbers by including imaginary numbers (i), where iยฒ = -1.

    ๐Ÿ“Œ General form: (a + bi), where a, b are real numbers.

    ๐Ÿ“Œ Examples:

    • 2 + 3i
    • -5 + 4i

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